工作中难免会用到邮箱服务，这里整理了五种邮件发送模式：发送文本邮件，发送HTML邮件，发送附件邮件，发送内联资源邮件，发送模板邮件。以供大家学习参考。最后实战部分模拟邮箱注册含源码。
看一下图（有图有真相）
提前准备
pom.xml 配置
<!– 添加spring-boot-starter-mail包引用 –> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
application.properties中添加邮箱配置
#邮箱服务器地址 spring.mail.protocol=smtp spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com #邮箱服务器地址 spring.mail.username=************@qq.com #邮箱密码 spring.mail.password=*********** spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8 spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
注意：若是QQ spring.mail.password=QQ授权码，需要开启QQ授权码
发送简单文本邮件
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class EmailTests { @Autowired private JavaMailSender javaMailSender; @Autowired private TemplateEngine templateEngine; //读取配置文件中的参数 @Value(“${spring.mail.username}”) private String sender; private static final String recipient = “*************@163.com” ; /** * 发送简单文本邮件 */ @Test public void sendSimpleEmail() { SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage(); // 发送者 message.setFrom(sender); // 接收者 message.setTo(recipient); //邮件主题 message.setSubject(“主题：文本邮件”); // 邮件内容 message.setText(“骚扰邮件勿回”); javaMailSender.send(message); } }
发送HTML邮件
新增发送HTML邮件测试方法
/** * 发送Html邮件 */ @Test public void sendHtmlEmail() { MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); try { MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true); helper.setFrom(sender); helper.setTo(recipient); helper.setSubject(“主题：HTML邮件”); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append(“<h1>大标题-h1</h1>”) .append(“<p style=\\\’color:#F00\\\’>红色字</p>”) .append(“<p style=\\\’text-align:right\\\’>右对齐</p>”); helper.setText(sb.toString(), true); } catch (MessagingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(“Messaging Exception !”, e); } javaMailSender.send(message); }
发送内联资源邮件
新增发送内联资源邮件测试方法
/** * 发送内联资源邮件 */ @Test public void sendInlineResourceMail() { MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); try { MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true); helper.setFrom(sender); helper.setTo(recipient); helper.setSubject(“主题：这是有图片的邮件”); String imgId = “avatar”; String content=”<html><body>宫崎骏电影图片：<img src=\\\’cid:” imgId “\\\’ ></body></html>”; helper.setText(content, true) ; FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(“src/main/resources/static/images/avatar.jpg”)); helper.addInline(imgId, res); } catch (MessagingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(“Messaging Exception !”, e); } javaMailSender.send(message); }
发送模板邮件 重点
pom中导入thymeleaf的包
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency>
新增模板emailTemplate.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=”zh” xmlns:th=”http://www.thymeleaf.org”> <head> <meta charset=”UTF-8″/> <title>Javazhan验证邮件</title> </head> <body> 您好,这是验证邮件,请点击下面的链接完成验证, <a href=”#” th:href=”@{ http://www.javazhan.com/user/activation/{id}(id=${id}) }”>激活账号</a>。 </body> </html>
新增发送模板邮件测试方法
/** * 发送模板邮件 */ @Test public void sendTemplateMail() { MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); try { MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true); helper.setFrom(sender); helper.setTo(recipient); helper.setSubject(“主题：模板邮件”); Context context = new Context(); context.setVariable(“id”, “wenter”); String emailContent = templateEngine.process(“emailTemplate”, context); helper.setText(emailContent, true); } catch (MessagingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(“Messaging Exception !”, e); } javaMailSender.send(message); }
注：很多时候邮采用异步的方式来发送邮件，加快主交易执行速度，在实际项目中可以采用MQ发送邮件相关参数，监听到消息队列之后启动发送邮件。
实战部分模拟邮箱注册
很多网站都支持邮箱注册，以下将实现邮箱注册
功能：支持登录，注册，激活，重置密码。
效果如图
注册成功
未激活登录
激活邮件 去激活
激活后，登录成功
重置密码
重置密码邮件
输入之前的密码登陆
输入重置密码登陆
错误邮箱提示
代码
引入架包，修改pom.xml
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!– 模板引擎 –> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!– https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.code.gson/gson –> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> <artifactId>gson</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version>
新建实体类User.java与RequestData.java
略了（看代码）
导入静态资源
css/js/….
编写js
$(“#js-btn”).click(function() { var data = {} ; var name = $(“#js-btn”).attr(\\\’class\\\’) ; var url = “” ; if(name.indexOf(“rtn”)>0) { data.userEmail = $(“#js-field__email”).val() ; data.userPass = $(“#js-field__pass”).val() ; url = “/user/login” ; } else if(name.indexOf(“new”)>0) { data.userEmail = $(“#js-field__email”).val() ; data.userPass = $(“#js-field__pass”).val() ; data.userRepass = $(“#js-field__r-pass”).val() ; url = “/user/register” ; } else if(name.indexOf(“rst”)>0) { data.userEmail = $(“#js-field__email”).val() ; url = “/user/forget” ; } submit(data, url) ; }); function submit(data,url) { $.ajax({ cache: !1, type: “POST”, url: url, data: data, async: !0, beforeSend: function () { $(“#js-btn”).html(“提交中…”), $(“#js-btn”).attr(“disabled”, “disabled”) }, success: function (data) { var result = jQuery.parseJSON(data); layer.alert(result.message); }, complete: function () { $(“#js-btn”).html(“success”), $(“#js-btn”).removeAttr(“disabled”) } }) }
编写controler
/** * Created by yando on 2017/11/22. */ @RestController @RequestMapping(value = “user”) public class UserController { @Autowired private JavaMailSender javaMailSender; @Autowired private TemplateEngine templateEngine; @Value(“${spring.mail.username}”) private String sender; private RequestData requestData = new RequestData() ; public static Map<String, User> map = new HashMap<String, User>(); @RequestMapping(value = “login”, method = RequestMethod.POST) public String login(User user) { for(User u : map.values()) { if(u!=null && u.getUserPass().equals(user.getUserPass()) && u.getUserEmail().equals(user.getUserEmail())) { if(u.getState()==0) { requestData.setCode(“9999”); requestData.setState(“500”); requestData.setMessage(“请前往” user.getUserEmail() “邮箱激活”); return new Gson().toJson(requestData); } requestData.setMessage(“登录成功”); return new Gson().toJson(requestData); } } requestData.setCode(“9999”); requestData.setState(“500”); requestData.setMessage(“邮箱或者密码错误”); return new Gson().toJson(requestData); } @RequestMapping(value = “register”, method = RequestMethod.POST) public String register(User user) { map.put(user.getUserId(), user); // 发送注册邮件 sendTemplateMail(user.getUserEmail(), user.getUserId()); requestData.setMessage(“注册成功, 快去激活”); return new Gson().toJson(requestData); } @RequestMapping(value = “forget”, method = RequestMethod.POST) public String forget(User user) { for(User u : map.values()) { if(u!=null || u.getUserEmail()== user.getUserEmail()) { u.setUserPass(“6666”); map.remove(u.getUserId()); map.put(u.getUserId(), u); requestData.setMessage(“密码已经重置，快去查看你的邮箱”); sendSimpleEmail(u.getUserEmail(), “您好，您密码已重置，初始密码：6666，为了你的安全请尽快修改密码。”); return new Gson().toJson(requestData); } } requestData.setCode(“9999”); requestData.setState(“500”); requestData.setMessage(“无效邮箱”); return new Gson().toJson(requestData); } @RequestMapping(value = “activation/{userId}”, method = RequestMethod.GET) public void activation(@PathVariable String userId, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { User user = map.get(userId); if(user!=null) { user.setState(1); map.remove(user.getUserId()); map.put(user.getUserId(), user); } response.sendRedirect(“../../login.html”); } public void sendSimpleEmail(String recipient,String text) { SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage(); // 发送者 message.setFrom(sender); // 接收者 message.setTo(recipient); //邮件主题 message.setSubject(“Java资源分享网密码重置邮件”); // 邮件内容 message.setText(text); javaMailSender.send(message); } public void sendTemplateMail(String recipient,String userId) { MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); try { MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true); helper.setFrom(sender); helper.setTo(recipient); helper.setSubject(“Java资源分享网验证邮件”); Context context = new Context(); context.setVariable(“id”, userId); String emailContent = templateEngine.process(“emailTemplate”, context); helper.setText(emailContent, true); } catch (MessagingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(“Messaging Exception !”, e); } javaMailSender.send(message); } }
结束了
执行RunApplication.java，看效果吧。
请测试邮件用自己的 不要给博主造成不必要的影响 谢谢
源码下载
SpringBoot进阶邮件服务(实战模拟邮箱注册含源码)
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